Indian Geography - Important Points
Indian Geography is an important topic for government exams in India, including civil services, state services, and other competitive exams. This subject covers a wide range of topics, including physical geography, political geography, economic geography, and cultural geography.
Physical Geography of India
India is located in the south of Asia and is the seventh-largest country in the world. It shares its borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. The country has a diverse landscape, including mountains, plains, plateaus, and coastal areas. The northern part of India is dominated by the Himalayan mountain range, which includes the highest peak in the world, Mount Everest. The southern part of India is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, and the Arabian Sea.
Rivers and Lakes
India has several major rivers, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus, Godavari, Krishna, and Narmada. These rivers are important for irrigation, transportation, and power generation. India also has several lakes, including Dal Lake, Wular Lake, and Chilika Lake. The largest lake in India is the Wular Lake, located in Jammu and Kashmir.
Climate
India has a tropical climate, with different regions experiencing different climatic conditions. The northern part of India experiences extreme temperatures during summers and winters, while the southern part of India has a more moderate climate. The monsoon season, which occurs between June and September, is important for agriculture and plays a crucial role in the Indian economy.
Natural Resources
India is rich in natural resources, including minerals, forests, and wildlife. The country is one of the largest producers of coal, iron ore, and other minerals. The forests in India cover about 20% of the total geographical area and are home to several species of wildlife, including tigers, elephants, and lions.
States and Union Territories
India is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories. The states have their own governments and are further divided into districts, while the union territories are governed directly by the central government. Each state and union territory has its own unique culture, language, and cuisine.
Important Cities
India has several important cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Ahmedabad. These cities are important centers for commerce, industry, education, and tourism.
Indian Geography is an important subject for government exams in India. Candidates should have a clear understanding of the physical features, rivers, lakes, climate, natural resources, states, union territories, and important cities of India. They should also be aware of the cultural diversity of the country and the importance of geography in shaping the Indian economy and society.