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Critical Reasoning

Critical Reasoning - Important Points


6. Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope argument?

A. If we allow gay marriage, we will have to allow people to marry animals.

B. Eating meat is unethical because it causes animal suffering.

C. The death penalty should be abolished because it is not a deterrent to crime.

D. Recycling is important because it reduces waste.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option a

Explanation:

A slippery slope argument is when a chain of events is predicted to occur, without sufficient evidence or justification, if a particular action is taken. Option A is an example of a slippery slope argument because it predicts that if gay marriage is allowed, people will be able to marry animals, without providing any logical connection between the two.

7. Which of the following is an example of a straw man argument?

A. Some people say we should ban all guns, but that's ridiculous.

B. If you don't support gun control, you must not care about the lives lost in mass shootings.

C. Vaccines are dangerous because they contain toxins.

D. Recycling is a waste of time and resources.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

A straw man argument is when the opponent's argument is misrepresented or exaggerated in order to make it easier to attack. Option B is an example of a straw man argument because it misrepresents the opponent's position by implying that they do not care about lives lost in mass shootings, when in fact they may have a different opinion on how to address the issue.

8. Which of the following is an example of a valid deductive argument?

A. All birds can fly. Penguins are birds. Therefore, penguins can fly.

B. Most politicians are corrupt. John is a politician. Therefore, John is corrupt.

C. All dogs are mammals. All mammals have fur. Therefore, all dogs have fur.

D. Some fruits are sweet. Apples are fruits. Therefore, apples are sweet.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option a

Explanation:

A valid deductive argument is one where the conclusion follows logically from the premises. Option A is an example of a valid deductive argument because the conclusion follows logically from the premises, which are true statements about birds and their ability to fly.

9. Which of the following is an example of a strong inductive argument?

A. The sun has risen every day for the past 1,000 years. Therefore, the sun will rise tomorrow.

B. Most people in this town support the new bike lanes. Therefore, everyone in this town supports the new bike lanes.

C. All the people I have met from Texas are friendly. Therefore, all Texans are friendly.

D. Some students in this class are good at math. Therefore, all students in this class are good at math.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option a

Explanation:

A strong inductive argument is one where the conclusion is likely to be true based on the evidence presenteOption A is an example of a strong inductive argument because the past evidence supports the conclusion that the sun will rise tomorrow.

10. Which of the following is an example of a causal argument?

A. The new tax law will benefit small business owners.

B. The increase in crime is due to the failing education system.

C. The proposed zoning changes will increase property values.

D. The use of cell phones while driving is dangerous.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

A causal argument is one where a cause and effect relationship is asserteOption B is an example of a causal argument because it asserts that the increase in crime is caused by the failing education system.


Critical Reasoning Questions and Answers FAQ

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