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Critical Reasoning

Critical Reasoning - Important Points


11. Which of the following is an example of a deductive fallacy?

A. All dogs are mammals. All mammals have four legs. Therefore, all dogs have four legs.

B. If you don't study hard, you will fail the test. You passed the test. Therefore, you studied hard.

C. All politicians are liars. John is a politician. Therefore, John is a liar.

D. All women are emotional. Sarah is a woman. Therefore, Sarah is emotional.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option d

Explanation:

A deductive fallacy is a flaw in reasoning where the conclusion does not follow logically from the premises. Option D is an example of a deductive fallacy because the premise is a stereotype and does not necessarily apply to all women, and therefore cannot be used to draw a valid conclusion about Sarah.

12. Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope fallacy?

A. If we ban assault weapons, we will prevent mass shootings.

B. If we raise the minimum wage, employers will be forced to lay off workers.

C. If we legalize marijuana, people will start using harder drugs.

D. If we implement universal healthcare, we will bankrupt the country.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option c

Explanation:

A slippery slope fallacy is a type of informal fallacy where a chain reaction is assumed without sufficient evidence to support the causal relationship. Option C is an example of a slippery slope fallacy because it assumes that legalizing marijuana will lead to the use of harder drugs without providing sufficient evidence to support this claim.

13. Which of the following is an example of an argument from analogy?

A. Dogs are loyal. Therefore, all animals are loyal.

B. The internet is like a library. Just as a library contains many books, the internet contains many websites.

C. John is a good driver. Therefore, John would make a good pilot.

D. The human brain is like a computer. Just as a computer processes information, the human brain processes thoughts.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

An argument from analogy is a type of inductive argument that uses similarities between two things to draw a conclusion. Option B is an example of an argument from analogy because it uses the similarity between the internet and a library to draw a conclusion about the internet.

14. Which of the following is an example of a begging the question fallacy?

A. Abortion is immoral because it is the killing of an innocent human being.

B. Capital punishment is wrong because it violates human rights.

C. The Bible is the word of God because it says so.

D. The government should regulate gun ownership because guns are dangerous.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option a

Explanation:

Begging the question is a type of fallacy where the conclusion is assumed in the premise without providing additional evidence to support the conclusion. Option A is an example of begging the question because it assumes that abortion is the killing of an innocent human being, which is the conclusion of the argument.

15. Which of the following is an example of a straw man fallacy?

A. Animal testing should be banned because it is cruel to animals.

B. People who oppose gun control do not care about the lives lost in mass shootings.

C. Vaccines are safe because they have been tested extensively.

D. Recycling is an effective way to reduce waste.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

A straw man fallacy is a type of fallacy where the opponent's argument is misrepresented or exaggerated in order to make it easier to attack. Option B is an example of a straw man fallacy because it misrepresents the opponent's position by implying that they do not care about lives lost in mass shootings, when in fact they may have a different opinion on how to address the issue.


Critical Reasoning Questions and Answers FAQ

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Why do I need to learn Critical Reasoning Questions with Answers in Verbal Ability?

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