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Critical Reasoning

Critical Reasoning - Important Points


1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong argument?

A. It relies on emotional appeals.

B. It presents only one side of the issue.

C. It provides evidence to support its conclusion.

D. It uses complex language and technical terms.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option c

Explanation:

A strong argument is supported by evidence, facts, or logical reasoning. Emotional appeals may be used in some cases, but they are not the main foundation of a strong argument. A good argument should also consider opposing viewpoints, but presenting only one side of the issue is not a characteristic of a strong argument. The use of complex language and technical terms may actually weaken an argument, as it may not be easily understood by the intended audience.

2. Which of the following is a common flaw in arguments?

A. Ad hominem attacks

B. Logical fallacies

C. Strong evidence

D. Objective reasoning

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

Logical fallacies are errors in reasoning that can weaken or undermine an argument. Ad hominem attacks, which are personal attacks on an opponent, are an example of a logical fallacy. Strong evidence and objective reasoning are characteristics of a strong argument.

3. Which of the following is an example of circular reasoning?

A. Dogs are the best pets because they make great companions.

B. It's wrong to lie because lying is immoral.

C. We need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions because global warming is a serious problem.

D. The Bible is true because it says it is the word of God.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option d

Explanation:

Circular reasoning is when the conclusion is included in the premise, making the argument logically invaliOption D is an example of circular reasoning because it assumes the Bible is true because it says it is the word of God.

4. Which of the following is an example of a false analogy?

A. Employees are like soldiers in a war.

B. Cars are like computers.

C. A pencil is like a hammer.

D. Apples are like oranges.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option a

Explanation:

A false analogy is when two things are compared that are not actually similar in relevant ways. Option A is an example of a false analogy because employees and soldiers have different roles, responsibilities, and contexts, and therefore are not analogous in the same way that cars and computers might be.

5. Which of the following is a common assumption in arguments?

A. The conclusion is based on facts and evidence.

B. The audience shares the same values and beliefs.

C. The argument considers all possible viewpoints.

D. The language is clear and concise.

Discuss Work Space

Answer: option b

Explanation:

Assumptions are beliefs or ideas that are taken for granted or not explicitly stateOne common assumption in arguments is that the audience shares the same values and beliefs as the speaker or writer. This assumption can lead to problems if the audience actually has different values or beliefs.


Critical Reasoning Questions and Answers FAQ

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